Apple Scab in the Pacific Northwest
by Patti Nigh - January 26th, 2010.Filed under: Tree Care. Tagged as: Plant Health Care.
Apple Scab
Venturia inaequalis
Apple scab is a fungus that is of major economic importance all over the world. This disease will occur every year, as the fungal spores travel with wind and rain. It can reduce the size and quality of the fruit, and cause defoliation of the entire tree. Apple scab can attack Pears, Hawthorn, Mountain Ash, and Crabapples. A closely related fungus can also attack Pyracantha.
This fungus overwinters in diseased apple leaves and fruit on the ground. In late fall and spring, microscopic primary fungal spores, are produced from previous infections on the dead leaves and fruit fallen to the ground. When this debris becomes wet, the fungal spores are powerfully ejected into the air. Air currents carry them to the emerging leaves, flowers and fruit, where infection takes place. Some studies show that under the right conditions of wind and wet, spores can travel up to 45 miles. Secondary spores may spread the disease from established infections on trees, as the season moves on. All surfaces of unopened buds are highly susceptible to infection when exposed to these spores. Bud or blossom infection often leads to premature shedding of blossoms and/or to severe infection of developing fruit. Mature apples are much less susceptible to apple scab than immature fruit. However, infections can occur up to the harvest.
The first symptoms of apple scab are velvety dark spots on fruits and leaves. As the disease matures, fruit spots become “scab” like as they age. . Diseased leaves will be curled and distorted and many will drop early. As the fruit develops, the spots will enlarge and become brown or tan, with a “corky” texture that is often sunken in the fruit. These infected areas often crack, allowing fruit-rotting organisms into the fruit.
Our warm and wet springs have exactly the kind of conditions that Venturia inaequalis needs to thrive on. If the primary infections are effectively controlled, the secondary infections are not as acute. Preventing infection of leaves and flowers is one of the most important steps in successfully controlling scab. Routine preventative maintenance for homeowners include; raking and disposing of all leaves and fruit on the ground every fall and winter, pruning yearly to increase air circulation, and to make sure that irrigation in the dry months does not wet the leaves. Applying fungicides is a precise effort. The key is to apply fungicides at the appropriate windows of time, get full and complete coverage of the parts needing protection, and to select the accurate fungicides and to rotate those materials, to avoid disease resistance.
Our technicians at True Care Inc. are fully trained in applying fungicide treatments, and are up to date on all the most current and environmentally safe procedures and materials available on the market today.
Call True Care Inc. for a free estimate on managing Scab disease, today!
503-678-5388
January 26th, 2010 at 1:49 pm
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