Fruit Tree Production
by Patti Nigh - January 5th, 2010.Filed under: Arborific Articles, How to!. Tagged as: Plant Health Care.
Fruit Production
Regular insect and disease treatments generally have no affect on a tree’s ability to bear fruit, except to help increase the size and quality of each yield. The following are a few factors that can influence fruit production.
Chill Factor:
Most deciduous fruit trees need a minimum amount of “chill” in winter to grow and fruit well the following season. Chilling requirements on different varieties can vary considerably. When we have very warm winters, many of our fruit trees do not get enough “chill factor” to produce well. On the other hand, extreme and prolonged cold during winter and into early spring may kill fruit buds. Our winter and early spring temperatures rarely get and stay cold enough to completely damage fruit buds, on most trees.
Pollination:
Fruit may fail to develop or may drop prematurely if pollination is poor. Some fruit trees require a tree of a different variety for viable pollen. Cold temperatures or very wet, rainy weather during flowering may inhibit bee and insect pollination activity. Treating trees for fungus diseases during blossoming is imperative to break the cycle of fungal contamination. At True Care, we do not add insecticides to our fungicide treatments, during flowering unless there is an over-population of destructive insects that could otherwise damage a tree. We also are very careful to choose fungicides that are not harmful to Bee populations.
Biennial Bearing:
Occasionally, fruit trees bear heavily one year and sparsely the next. “Biennial bearing”, is caused because spring-flowering buds of hardy fruit trees are formed during the previous summer, and a especially heavy crop one year may prevent adequate bud formation for the following year. During years of heavy fruit set, this can sometimes be corrected, by thinning fruit to allow 6-8 inches between fruits, 30 days after bloom.
Pruning:
Proper pruning practices can also help your fruit trees to perform better. Excessive upright growth will delay fruit bearing and reduce the quantity of fruit produced. Fruit trees should be pruned with an open center, with well spaced branching patterns for stone fruits, and a strong fame work with a central leader and horizontal branches on Pom (Apple and Pear) fruits. Pruning should be done in December, January or February to insure a good fruit set for the next year.
Fertilizing:
Fertilizing should only be done periodically, and only with a low nitrogen rate, since over applications of nitrogen can cause abundant foliage growth at the expense of fruit production. Extra micro nutrients should be added to insure proper, all around good nutrition for your fruit trees.
Sun and Water:
Fruit trees require full sun for maximum production. Give new trees plenty of space so they do not have to compete with other trees for sun, nutrients and water. Too much or too little water can cause fruit to drop. Water trees infrequently but deeply during our long, hot summers. This means watering every two to four weeks. If possible, use a good organic mulch 2-3 inches deep, to help maintain even soil moisture
January 5th, 2010 at 12:52 pm
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